Multiplication Facts 0-10 — Answer Key
Part A: Multiple Choice
Circle the best answer for each question.
1. To find 7 × 8, you can break it into (7 × 5) + (7 × 3). What is the answer?
A) 49
B) 54
C) 56
D) 63
Splitting 8 into 5 + 3 uses the distributive property: 35 + 21 = 56, which equals 7 × 8.
2. An array has 9 rows. Each row has 6 dots. Which expression shows the total?
A) 9 + 6 = 15
B) 9 × 6 = 54
C) 9 × 6 = 56
D) 6 + 6 + 6 = 18
An array's total is rows times dots per row, so 9 rows of 6 dots make 9 × 6 = 54 dots in all.
3. Which fact does NOT belong in the fact family for 5, 8, and 40?
A) 5 × 8 = 40
B) 40 ÷ 5 = 8
C) 8 × 5 = 40
D) 40 ÷ 10 = 4
A fact family uses the same three numbers in different ways; 40 ÷ 10 = 4 brings in 10 and 4, which are not part of the 5, 8, 40 family.
4. Kai says 6 × 9 = 52. What is the correct product?
A) 48
B) 56
C) 54
D) 63
Use the 9s trick: (6 × 10) − 6 = 60 − 6 = 54, so Kai's answer is two too low.
Part B: Fill in the Blank
Write the correct answer on each line.
1. (4 × 5) + (4 × 3) = 4 × 8.
The distributive property lets you combine 5 + 3 back into one factor — 4 × 5 plus 4 × 3 equals 4 × 8.
2. An array with 7 rows and 5 columns has 35 items.
Multiply rows by columns: 7 × 5 = 35 items fill the whole grid.
3. 3 × 9 = (3 × 10) − 3 = 27.
Since 9 is one less than 10, three 9s is three 10s minus three: 30 − 3 = 27.
4. If 6 × 6 = 36, then 6 × 7 = 36 + 6 = 42.
Going from 6 × 6 to 6 × 7 just means adding one more 6, so 36 + 6 = 42.
5. (8 × 2) + (8 × 3) = 8 × 5 = 40.
Combining the two pieces using the distributive property gives 8 × (2 + 3) = 8 × 5, and 8 × 5 = 40.