Properties of Multiplication — Answer Key
Part A: Fill in the Blank
Write the missing word or number on each line.
1. In Grade 3, 6 x 7 can be broken into 6 x 5 + 6 x 2.
6 x 7 = 6 x (5 + 2) = 30 + 12 = 42 using the distributive property in Grade 3.
2. A Grade 3 student finds 7 x 8 = 7 x 5 + 7 x 3.
7 x 8 = 7 x 5 + 7 x 3 = 35 + 21 = 56 by the distributive property.
3. In Grade 3, 9 x 6 = 9 x 5 + 9 x 1.
9 x 6 = 45 + 9 = 54, using the distributive property in Grade 3.
4. A Grade 3 student splits 8 x 4 into 8 x 2 + 8 x 2.
8 x 4 = 8 x 2 + 8 x 2 = 16 + 16 = 32 by the distributive property.
5. In Grade 3, 5 x 9 = 5 x 10 - 5 x 1.
5 x 9 = 50 - 5 = 45, a distributive strategy for Grade 3.
6. A Grade 3 learner computes 4 x 12 as 4 x 10 + 4 x 2.
4 x 12 = 40 + 8 = 48 with the distributive property in Grade 3.
7. In Grade 3, 6 x 9 = 6 x (10 - 1) = 60 - 6.
6 x 9 = 60 - 6 = 54, using distributive thinking in Grade 3.
8. A Grade 3 array of 3 x 8 equals 3 x 4 + 3 x 4.
3 x 8 = 12 + 12 = 24 by the distributive property in Grade 3.
9. In Grade 3, 7 x 6 = 7 x 5 + 7 x 1.
7 x 6 = 35 + 7 = 42 with the distributive property in Grade 3.
Part B: Matching
Match each item on the left to the correct answer on the right.
1. Match each item to its correct answer.
Grade 3: 6 x 7 split as 6 x 5 + 6 x 2
→ 42
42
Grade 3: 8 x 4 split as 8 x 2 + 8 x 2
→ 32
32
Grade 3: 9 x 6 split as 9 x 5 + 9 x 1
→ 54
54
Grade 3: 4 x 12 split as 4 x 10 + 4 x 2
→ 48
48
Each Grade 3 row uses the distributive property: 30+12=42, 16+16=32, 45+9=54, 40+8=48.