Energy: Forms and Transfer — Answer Key
Part A: Fill in the Blank
Write the missing word or number on each line.
1. The energy of motion is called kinetic energy.
In Grade 4 Science, kinetic energy is the energy any moving object has, from a runner to a rolling marble.
2. Stored energy that depends on position or shape is called potential energy.
Grade 4 learners use the word potential for energy that is stored, like in a lifted ball or stretched spring.
3. When energy changes from one form to another, we call it an energy transformation.
In Grade 4 Science, an energy transformation happens whenever one form of energy becomes a different form.
4. Heat moving through a metal spoon in hot soup is an example of conduction.
Grade 4 students study conduction as the way heat travels through solids like metal spoons.
5. Light from the Sun reaching Earth is called radiation.
In Grade 4 Science, radiation is energy carried by light waves, including those from the Sun.
6. A path that carries an electric current is called a circuit.
Grade 4 learners build simple circuits to see how electrical energy travels from a battery to a bulb and back.
7. An object with more mass and more speed has more kinetic energy.
Grade 4 Science explains that kinetic energy grows when either the mass or the speed of a moving object increases.
8. A battery changes chemical energy into electrical energy.
In Grade 4 Science, a battery turns chemical energy in its cells into electrical energy that flows through wires.
9. Sound energy needs a material like air, water, or a solid to travel through; it cannot move through a vacuum.
Grade 4 students learn that sound waves need particles to vibrate, so sound cannot travel through empty space.
Part B: Matching
Match each item on the left to the correct answer on the right.
1. Match each item to its correct answer.
Kinetic energy
→ Energy of moving objects
Energy of moving objects
Potential energy
→ Stored energy from position or shape
Stored energy from position or shape
Thermal energy
→ Energy felt as heat
Energy felt as heat
Electrical energy
→ Energy that flows through wires
Energy that flows through wires
Grade 4 Science vocabulary links each form of energy to a clear definition that students can recognize in real life.