Students fix three errors — limestone called igneous, the rock cycle described as ending at metamorphic, and minerals identified by color alone. Part B has four fill-in-the-blank questions about magma, lava, and mineral streak. Part C has two short-answer questions about how sedimentary rock becomes metamorphic and why geologists use streak for identification.
Understanding the rock cycle as continuous and minerals as multi-property challenges the two most persistent misconceptions at this level.
Style:
Rocks and Minerals
Part A: Fix the Sentence
Each sentence has an error. Rewrite it correctly on the line.
1. Fix the sentence:
Limestone is an igneous rock that forms when a volcano erupts and lava cools quickly.
Rewrite: Limestone is a sedimentary rock that forms when shells, coral, and other materials settle on the ocean floor and are compressed over time.
2. Fix the sentence:
The rock cycle ends when a rock becomes metamorphic because it cannot change again.
Rewrite: The rock cycle never ends. A metamorphic rock can melt to form igneous rock or break down into sediment that becomes sedimentary rock.
3. Fix the sentence:
Minerals are identified only by their color because each mineral has a unique color.
Rewrite: Minerals are identified by several properties including hardness, luster, streak, and color, because different minerals can share the same color.
Part B: Fill in the Blank
Write the missing word or number on each line.
1. Melted rock below Earth's surface is called magma.
2. Melted rock that reaches Earth's surface is called lava.
3. The color of the powder a mineral leaves on a white tile is called its streak.
4. The way a mineral reflects light is called its luster.
Part C: Short Answer
Answer each question in one or two complete sentences.
1. Describe how a sedimentary rock could become a metamorphic rock.
A sedimentary rock can be pushed deep underground by Earth movements. The intense heat and pressure at that depth change its structure and minerals, turning it into a metamorphic rock.
2. Why do geologists use streak instead of just color to identify a mineral?
Many different minerals can look the same color, but the streak color is more reliable. For example, gold and pyrite both look golden, but gold leaves a yellow streak while pyrite leaves a black streak.
Rocks and Minerals
★ Part A: Fix the Sentence
Each sentence has an error. Rewrite it correctly on the line.
1) Fix the sentence:
Limestone is an igneous rock that forms when a volcano erupts and lava cools quickly.
Rewrite: Limestone is a sedimentary rock that forms when shells, coral, and other materials settle on the ocean floor and are compressed over time.
2) Fix the sentence:
The rock cycle ends when a rock becomes metamorphic because it cannot change again.
Rewrite: The rock cycle never ends. A metamorphic rock can melt to form igneous rock or break down into sediment that becomes sedimentary rock.
3) Fix the sentence:
Minerals are identified only by their color because each mineral has a unique color.
Rewrite: Minerals are identified by several properties including hardness, luster, streak, and color, because different minerals can share the same color.
★ Part B: Fill in the Blank
Write the missing word or number on each line.
1) Melted rock below Earth's surface is called magma.
2) Melted rock that reaches Earth's surface is called lava.
3) The color of the powder a mineral leaves on a white tile is called its streak.
4) The way a mineral reflects light is called its luster.
★ Part C: Short Answer
Answer each question in one or two complete sentences.
1) Describe how a sedimentary rock could become a metamorphic rock.
A sedimentary rock can be pushed deep underground by Earth movements. The intense heat and pressure at that depth change its structure and minerals, turning it into a metamorphic rock.
2) Why do geologists use streak instead of just color to identify a mineral?
Many different minerals can look the same color, but the streak color is more reliable. For example, gold and pyrite both look golden, but gold leaves a yellow streak while pyrite leaves a black streak.
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9 Questions
15-20 minutes
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