Students choose the toy as the opportunity cost of buying a book, identify a drought as the clearest example of scarcity, and reason that Japan importing oil means Japan lacks its own oil reserves. They also predict that a coffee surplus will be exported. Part B fills in opportunity cost, price (when scarcity rises), specialize, nonrenewable (diamonds, platinum), and trade deficit.
Working through opportunity cost, scarcity, and trade deficit builds the analytical thinking fourth graders will lean on in middle-school economics and current-events discussions.
Style:
Resources and Trade
Part A: Multiple Choice
Circle the best answer for each question.
1. If you choose to spend your allowance on a book instead of a toy, the toy is your —
A) Supply
B) Demand
C) Opportunity cost
D) Trade deficit
2. Which is the best example of scarcity?
A) A store has plenty of bread on the shelves
B) A town runs out of clean water during a drought
C) A farmer plants extra crops this year
D) A family buys a new car
3. Japan imports most of its oil. What does this tell us about Japan?
A) Japan does not use oil
B) Japan has large oil reserves
C) Japan lacks enough oil resources of its own
D) Japan only trades with one country
4. A country that grows more coffee than its people can drink will likely —
A) Throw the extra coffee away
B) Export the extra coffee to other countries
C) Stop growing coffee entirely
D) Import more coffee from neighbors
Part B: Fill in the Blank
Write the correct answer on each line.
1. The next best choice you give up when making a decision is called the opportunity cost.
2. When a resource is scarce, its price usually goes up.
3. Countries often specialize in making goods they can produce most efficiently.
4. Diamonds and platinum are examples of nonrenewable natural resources.
5. A trade deficit happens when a country buys more from other nations than it sells.
Resources and Trade
★ Part A: Multiple Choice
Circle the best answer for each question.
1. If you choose to spend your allowance on a book instead of a toy, the toy is your —
A) Supply
B) Demand
C) Opportunity cost
D) Trade deficit
2. Which is the best example of scarcity?
A) A store has plenty of bread on the shelves
B) A town runs out of clean water during a drought
C) A farmer plants extra crops this year
D) A family buys a new car
3. Japan imports most of its oil. What does this tell us about Japan?
A) Japan does not use oil
B) Japan has large oil reserves
C) Japan lacks enough oil resources of its own
D) Japan only trades with one country
4. A country that grows more coffee than its people can drink will likely —
A) Throw the extra coffee away
B) Export the extra coffee to other countries
C) Stop growing coffee entirely
D) Import more coffee from neighbors
★ Part B: Fill in the Blank
Write the correct answer on each line.
1) The next best choice you give up when making a decision is called the opportunity cost.
2) When a resource is scarce, its price usually goes up.
3) Countries often specialize in making goods they can produce most efficiently.
4) Diamonds and platinum are examples of nonrenewable natural resources.
5) A trade deficit happens when a country buys more from other nations than it sells.
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9 Questions
12-18 minutes
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