Long Division with Multi-Digit Divisors — Answer Key
Part A: Fix the Sentence
Each sentence has an error. Rewrite it correctly on the line.
1. Fix the sentence:
When dividing 5400 by 18, the answer is 30 because 18 times 30 equal 540.
Corrected: When dividing 5400 by 18, the answer is 300 because 18 times 300 equals 5400.
Grade 5 long division requires correct place value: 18 times 300 equals 5400, so the quotient is 300, and the singular verb equals matches the singular subject.
2. Fix the sentence:
The partial quotients method are an alternative to the standard algorithm.
Corrected: The partial quotients method is an alternative to the standard algorithm.
Grade 5 grammar: the singular subject method takes the singular verb is, not the plural verb are.
3. Fix the sentence:
After I bring down the next digit, I divides again using the standard algorithm.
Corrected: After I bring down the next digit, I divide again using the standard algorithm.
Grade 5 grammar: with the subject I, use the base verb divide, not divides, throughout the long division steps.
Part B: Fill in the Blank
Write the missing word or number on each line.
1. When you divide 5400 by 18 using the standard algorithm, the quotient is 300.
Because 18 multiplied by 300 equals 5400, the Grade 5 long division quotient is exactly 300 with no remainder.
2. The partial quotients method breaks the divisor into easier multiples to estimate parts of the quotient.
Grade 5 partial quotients uses friendly multiples (10x, 100x, 5x) of the divisor to chunk the dividend into manageable parts.
3. To divide 7200 by 24, estimating gives 7200 divided by 24 equals about 300.
Grade 5 students compute 24 times 300 equals 7200, so the exact quotient matches the estimate of 300.
4. In long division, after subtracting you must bring down the next digit from the dividend.
Grade 5 algorithm: after subtracting, bring down the next digit of the dividend to continue dividing place by place.
Part C: Short Answer
Answer each question in one or two complete sentences.
1. Solve 6300 divided by 21 using the standard long division algorithm and explain each step.
Sample answer: First I estimate: 6300 divided by 21 is near 6000 divided by 20, which is 300. Then I divide 63 by 21, which equals 3, write 3 in the hundreds place. Multiply 3 times 21 equals 63, subtract to get 0. Bring down 0 to make 00. Divide 0 by 21 equals 0, write 0. Bring down 0 to make 0. Divide 0 by 21 equals 0, write 0. The Grade 5 quotient is 300 with no remainder.
Grade 5 long division applies the standard algorithm digit by digit, including zeros in the quotient where needed.
2. Compare the standard algorithm and partial quotients for solving 4800 divided by 16.
Sample answer: Standard algorithm: divide 48 by 16 to get 3, multiply 3 times 16 equals 48, subtract for 0, bring down 0 and 0, getting quotient 300. Partial quotients: I take 100 times 16 equals 1600, three times gives 4800, so the quotient is 100 plus 100 plus 100 equals 300. Both Grade 5 methods give the same quotient 300, but partial quotients shows the chunking more clearly.
Grade 5 students can use either standard algorithm or partial quotients; both approaches yield identical quotients while building number sense.